FAQs

Criminal cases in Pennsylvania can involve Magisterial District Courts and Courts of Common Pleas, depending on the charges and stage of the case. The Law Office of Heather A. Reiner, LLC represents clients in appropriate criminal matters in York and Lancaster Counties and surrounding Pennsylvania jurisdictions. Applicable Pennsylvania law, court rules, and local procedures can vary by jurisdiction.

A preliminary hearing generally allows the Commonwealth to establish a prima facie case before a criminal matter proceeds toward the Court of Common Pleas. At this stage, a defendant may have important rights and decisions to consider. Because the circumstances differ by case, speaking with a criminal defense attorney before a preliminary hearing can help you understand your options.

If Pennsylvania police want to question you about a suspected crime, you should consider speaking with a criminal defense attorney before answering substantive questions. If officers present or execute a search warrant, do not interfere with the search. You can ask to see the warrant and should avoid making statements about the investigation until you have received legal advice.

Pennsylvania courts consider applicable law and circumstances when determining bail and conditions of release. The process can begin during a preliminary arraignment, with further review possible depending on the circumstances. Bail decisions can differ based on the charges, history, and other relevant factors. York and Lancaster Counties also have local court procedures that may affect how a case proceeds.

Accelerated Rehabilitative Disposition, commonly called ARD, is a Pennsylvania diversionary program available in certain criminal cases. Eligibility is not automatic and depends on the circumstances and applicable requirements. Successful completion can provide a path toward dismissal and, when legally eligible, expungement. An attorney can evaluate whether ARD may be an option in a particular case.

Pennsylvania classifies criminal offenses as summary offenses, misdemeanors, and felonies. Generally, felonies are more serious than misdemeanors and summary offenses. The classification depends on the specific statute and circumstances of the alleged offense. Each classification can involve different court procedures and potential consequences, so the exact charge matters.

Pennsylvania provides several ways certain criminal records may qualify for expungement or limited access through Clean Slate laws. Eligibility depends on factors such as the offense, disposition, criminal history, and applicable waiting periods or requirements. The rules can be technical, and not every record qualifies. A Pennsylvania attorney can review a specific record to determine what options may be available.

Simple assault and aggravated assault are separate offenses under Pennsylvania law, with different elements and classifications. Simple assault generally involves conduct such as attempting or causing bodily injury under circumstances specified by statute. Aggravated assault generally involves more serious alleged conduct or injuries, or certain protected victims. The applicable charge depends on the facts and circumstances of the case.

The consequences of a Pennsylvania drug possession charge depend on factors including the substance involved, quantity, circumstances, prior record, and the specific offense charged. Depending on the circumstances, a case may involve criminal penalties and other court requirements. Some cases may also present opportunities for diversion or alternative dispositions. An attorney can evaluate the specific allegations and available options.

Pennsylvania law regulates carrying a firearm in certain circumstances, including carrying a firearm concealed on or about the person or in a vehicle. Whether a license is required and whether an exception applies can depend on the individual's circumstances and the manner of carrying. Firearms charges can carry significant consequences, so you should carefully review the specific facts and statutory exceptions.

A serious traffic ticket or summary offense can still involve important legal, financial, licensing, or other consequences. Whether legal representation makes sense depends on the specific allegation, driving history, potential consequences, and circumstances of the case. An attorney can review the citation and explain the available options. Local procedures can also differ among Pennsylvania courts and counties.